"earn" meaning in Old English

See earn in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /æ͜ɑrn/, [æ͜ɑrˠn]
Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *arnu. Etymology templates: {{dercat|ang|gem-pro|ine-pro|inh=1}}, {{inh|ang|gmw-pro|*arnu}} Proto-West Germanic *arnu Head templates: {{ang-noun|m}} earn m Inflection templates: {{ang-decl-noun-a-m|earn}}, {{ang-decl-noun|earn|earnas|earn|earnas|earnes|earna|earne|earnum|num=|title=|type=strong a-stem}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], earn [nominative, singular], earnas [nominative, plural], earn [accusative, singular], earnas [accusative, plural], earnes [genitive, singular], earna [genitive, plural], earne [dative, singular], earnum [dative, plural]
  1. eagle Tags: masculine Derived forms: Earnsiġe, Earnweald, Earnwīġ, Earnwine, Earnwulf
    Sense id: en-earn-ang-noun-5ztI91C- Categories (other): Old English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 4 entries, Pages with entries, Eagles, Pages with 4 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Pages with 4 entries: 2 2 6 2 8 2 6 6 2 1 19 36 7 1 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 2 2 8 1 7 1 7 7 2 1 18 34 11 1

Inflected forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "erne"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "earn"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "ern"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "erne"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "ern"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "earn"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "ern"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "erne"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "eyrne"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "earn"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "ern"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "erne"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "airne"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "word": "ern"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "erne"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "earn"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "ern"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "erne"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "ern"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "earn"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "ern"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "erne"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "eyrne"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "earn"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "ern"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "erne"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "airne"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "word": "eerne"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "erne"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "earn"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "ern"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "erne"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "ern"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "earn"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "ern"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "erne"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "eyrne"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "earn"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "ern"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "erne"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "airne"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "word": "eren"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "erne"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "earn"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "ern"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "erne"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "ern"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "earn"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "ern"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "erne"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "eyrne"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "earn"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "ern"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "erne"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "airne"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "word": "erne"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "erne"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "earn"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "ern"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "erne"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "ern"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "earn"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "ern"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "erne"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "eyrne"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "earn"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "ern"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "erne"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "airne"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "word": "eron"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "erne"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "earn"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "ern"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "erne"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "ern"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "earn"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "ern"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "erne"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "eyrne"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "earn"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "ern"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "erne"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "airne"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "word": "ærn"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "erne"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "earn"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "ern"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "erne"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "ern"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "earn"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "ern"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "erne"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "eyrne"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "earn"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "ern"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "erne"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "airne"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Early Middle English"
      ],
      "word": "earn"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "erne"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "earn"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "ern"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "erne"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "ern"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "earn"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "ern"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "erne"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "eyrne"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "earn"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "ern"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "erne"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "airne"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "word": "arn"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "erne"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "earn"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "ern"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "erne"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "ern"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "earn"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "ern"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "erne"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "eyrne"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "earn"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "ern"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "erne"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "airne"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Kent or Northern"
      ],
      "word": "aryn"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "ine-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*arnu"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *arnu",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *arnu.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earnas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earnas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earnes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earnum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "earn m",
      "name": "ang-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "earn"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "earn",
        "2": "earnas",
        "3": "earn",
        "4": "earnas",
        "5": "earnes",
        "6": "earna",
        "7": "earne",
        "8": "earnum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "strong a-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ang",
          "name": "Eagles",
          "orig": "ang:Eagles",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 2 6 2 8 2 6 6 2 1 19 36 7 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 2 8 1 7 1 7 7 2 1 18 34 11 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "Earnsiġe"
        },
        {
          "word": "Earnweald"
        },
        {
          "word": "Earnwīġ"
        },
        {
          "word": "Earnwine"
        },
        {
          "word": "Earnwulf"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              31,
              35
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              30,
              35
            ]
          ],
          "english": "…Sometimes I imitate the grey eagle, a speech of war-bird; sometimes a kite's voice with common mouth, sometimes a gull's song when I sit gladful.",
          "ref": "10th century, Exeter Book Riddle 24:",
          "text": "…Hwīlum iċ onhyrġe þone haswan earn, gūðfugles hlēoþor; hwīlum glidan reorde mūþe ġemǣne, hwīlum mǣwes song, þǣr iċ glado sitte.",
          "translation": "…Sometimes I imitate the grey eagle, a speech of war-bird; sometimes a kite's voice with common mouth, sometimes a gull's song when I sit gladful.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "eagle"
      ],
      "id": "en-earn-ang-noun-5ztI91C-",
      "links": [
        [
          "eagle",
          "eagle"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/æ͜ɑrn/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[æ͜ɑrˠn]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "earn"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "West Frisian common-gender nouns",
    "West Frisian entries with incorrect language header",
    "West Frisian lemmas",
    "West Frisian nouns",
    "West Frisian terms derived from Old Frisian",
    "West Frisian terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "West Frisian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "West Frisian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "West Frisian terms inherited from Old Frisian",
    "West Frisian terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "West Frisian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "West Frisian terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "Earnsiġe"
    },
    {
      "word": "Earnweald"
    },
    {
      "word": "Earnwīġ"
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    {
      "word": "Earnwine"
    },
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      "word": "Earnwulf"
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      "word": "aryn"
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  ],
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      "args": {
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        "2": "gem-pro",
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        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
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        "3": "*arnu"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *arnu",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *arnu.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
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    {
      "form": "earn",
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      "form": "earnas",
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        "plural"
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    },
    {
      "form": "earn",
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        "singular"
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    {
      "form": "earnas",
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        "plural"
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    },
    {
      "form": "earnes",
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        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
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      "form": "earnum",
      "source": "declension",
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        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
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      "args": {
        "1": "m"
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      "expansion": "earn m",
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "earn"
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      "name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "earn",
        "2": "earnas",
        "3": "earn",
        "4": "earnas",
        "5": "earnes",
        "6": "earna",
        "7": "earne",
        "8": "earnum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "strong a-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old English lemmas",
        "Old English masculine a-stem nouns",
        "Old English masculine nouns",
        "Old English nouns",
        "Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Old English terms with quotations",
        "Pages with 4 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "ang:Eagles"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              31,
              35
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              30,
              35
            ]
          ],
          "english": "…Sometimes I imitate the grey eagle, a speech of war-bird; sometimes a kite's voice with common mouth, sometimes a gull's song when I sit gladful.",
          "ref": "10th century, Exeter Book Riddle 24:",
          "text": "…Hwīlum iċ onhyrġe þone haswan earn, gūðfugles hlēoþor; hwīlum glidan reorde mūþe ġemǣne, hwīlum mǣwes song, þǣr iċ glado sitte.",
          "translation": "…Sometimes I imitate the grey eagle, a speech of war-bird; sometimes a kite's voice with common mouth, sometimes a gull's song when I sit gladful.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "eagle"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "eagle",
          "eagle"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/æ͜ɑrn/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[æ͜ɑrˠn]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "earn"
}

Download raw JSONL data for earn meaning in Old English (11.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.